Video coming soon — Dr. Luni explains heart block in plain language
What is heart block?
The heart's electrical system normally sends signals from the atria (upper chambers) through the AV node to the ventricles (lower chambers), causing them to contract in a coordinated sequence. Heart block occurs when these signals are delayed or interrupted.
Degrees of heart block
- First-degree heart block: Signals are slowed but always get through. Usually benign and requires no treatment.
- Second-degree heart block: Some signals are blocked. Can be intermittent. May or may not require a pacemaker.
- Third-degree (complete) heart block: No signals get through from atria to ventricles. The ventricles beat on their own very slowly. Almost always requires a pacemaker.
What are the symptoms?
- Fatigue and low energy
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Shortness of breath, especially with activity
- Fainting (syncope) or near-fainting
- Slow or irregular pulse
- Chest discomfort
- Some patients have no symptoms
How is heart block treated?
Pacemaker implantation
For significant heart block, a pacemaker is the standard and highly effective treatment. The pacemaker continuously monitors the heart rate and delivers electrical impulses when needed to keep the heart beating at an appropriate rate.
Leadless pacemaker
For eligible patients, a leadless pacemaker can be implanted directly inside the right ventricle through a catheter — no chest incision, no pacemaker pocket, no leads. Dr. Luni implants leadless pacemakers as part of his practice.
Modern pacemakers are small, reliable, and MRI-compatible. Most patients notice a dramatic improvement in energy and quality of life within days of implantation.